Central Nervous System



Mission statement

The main objective of the CNS team is to develop innovative and quantitative pre-clinical and clinical MR methods at high and ultra-high magnetic fields, as well as image analysis techniques, in order to improve in vivo the physiological and pathophysiological characterization of both brain and spinal cord.

Preclinical studies of CNS pathological models help refine, reject, or generate hypotheses regarding the mechanistic basis of diseases by providing detailed structural, functional, and metabolic phenotypes/information associated with pathology.

Clinical MR methods developed by researchers and engineers are driven by clinical questions brought by the clinicians of the team specialized in Multiple Sclerosis, Epilepsy and Spinal Cord Injury. Researches focus on the different ways to characterize the anatomical, microstructural, hemodynamic, metabolic, ionic and functional alterations of the Human CNS.

The CNS team also provides through collaborations an academic platform based on the tools developed for the main topics adapted to characterize other CNS diseases (AD, ALS, Stroke, Parkinson, Schizophrenia, Spinal Cord Injury (LIA iLab-Spine) …).


Research Topics


Publications

Guttieres, Laura, Lea Vannelli, Sarah Demortiere, Marine Perriguey, Maya Elziere, Pierre Durozard, Clemence Boutiere, et al. “Fluorescein Angiography as a Surrogate Marker of Disease Activity in Susac Syndrome.” Neurology(R) Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation 12, no. 2 (March 2025): e200379. https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200379.
Villacieros-Álvarez, Javier, Carmen Espejo, Georgina Arrambide, Alessandro Dinoto, Patricia Mulero, Laura Rubio-Flores, Pablo Nieto, et al. “Profile and Usefulness of Serum Cytokines to Predict Prognosis in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease.” Neurology(R) Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation 12, no. 2 (March 2025): e200362. https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200362.
Cho, Soomi, Julia Makhalova, Samuel Medina Villalon, Nathalie Villeneuve, Agnes Trébuchon, Manel Krouma, Didier Scavarda, et al. “Stereoelectroencephalographic Exploration and Surgical Outcome in Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome.” Epilepsia, January 27, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.18283.
Pham, S. D. T., C. Chatziantoniou, J. T. van Vliet, R. J. van Tuijl, M. Bulk, M. Costagli, L. de Rochefort, et al. “Blood Flow Velocity Analysis in Cerebral Perforating Arteries on 7T 2D Phase Contrast MRI with an Open-Source Software Tool (SELMA).” Neuroinformatics 23, no. 2 (January 22, 2025): 11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12021-024-09703-4.
Ramdani, Ryan, Julie Pique, Romain Deschamps, Jonathan Ciron, Elisabeth Maillart, Bertrand Audoin, Mikael Cohen, et al. “Evaluation of the Predictive Value of CSF-Restricted Oligoclonal Bands on Residual Disability and Risk of Relapse in Adult Patients with MOGAD: MOGADOC Study.” Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), January 15, 2025, 13524585241311436. https://doi.org/10.1177/13524585241311435.
Farah, Kaissar, Samira Mchinda, Laurianne Pini, Guillaume Baucher, Pierre- Hugues Roche, Stéphane Fuentes, and Virginie Callot. “T1 Mapping Using MP2RAGE in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Longitudinal Study.” European Spine Journal, January 9, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-025-08652-z.
Grapperon, Aude-Marie, Mohamed Mounir El Mendili, Adil Maarouf, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Maxime Guye, Annie Verschueren, Shahram Attarian, and Wafaa Zaaraoui. “In Vivo Mapping of Sodium Homeostasis Disturbances in Individual ALS Patients: A Brain 23Na MRI Study.” PloS One 20, no. 1 (2025): e0316916. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316916.
Häußler, Vivien, Corinna Trebst, Daniel Engels, Hanna Pellkofer, Joachim Havla, Ankelien Duchow, Patrick Schindler, et al. “Real-World Multicentre Cohort Study on Choices and Effectiveness of Immunotherapies in NMOSD and MOGAD.” Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, December 27, 2024, jnnp-2024-334764. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2024-334764.
Androdias, Géraldine, Jan D Lünemann, Elisabeth Maillart, Maria Pia Amato, Bertrand Audoin, Arlette L Bruijstens, Gabriel Bsteh, et al. “De-Escalating and Discontinuing Disease-Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis.” Brain, December 21, 2024, awae409. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awae409.
Piazzola, Cecilia, Thomas Graillon, Nadine Girard, Henry Dufour, Thierry Brue, and Frederic Castinetti. “Desmopressin Is a Safe and Effective Secretagogue to Replace Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in Petrosal Sinus Sampling.” Annales D’endocrinologie, December 19, 2024, 101678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2024.101678.
Segobin, Shailendra, Roy A. M. Haast, Vinod Jangir Kumar, Annalisa Lella, Anneke Alkemade, Meritxell Bach Cuadra, Emmanuel J. Barbeau, et al. “A Roadmap towards Standardized Neuroimaging Approaches for Human Thalamic Nuclei.” Nature Reviews Neuroscience 25, no. 12 (December 2024): 792–808. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-024-00867-1.
Bastiancich, Chiara, Emmanuel Snacel-Fazy, Samantha Fernandez, Stéphane Robert, Roberta Stacchini, Léa Plantureux, Sébastien Boissonneau, et al. “Tailoring Glioblastoma Treatment Based on Longitudinal Analysis of Post-Surgical Tumor Microenvironment.” Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research: CR 43, no. 1 (November 28, 2024): 311. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-024-03231-4.
Testud, B., M. Guye, T. Witjas, and S. Grimaldi. “Iron Overload Revealing the Cytoarchitecture of the Red Nucleus: A Case Study.” Revue Neurologique, November 27, 2024, S0035-3787(24)00660-X. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2024.11.001.
Pakeerathan, T., J. Havla, C. Schwake, A. Salmen, M. Ringelstein, O. Aktas, M. Weise, et al. “Rapid Differentiation of MOGAD and MS after a Single Optic Neuritis.” Journal of Neurology 271, no. 11 (November 1, 2024): 7222–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-024-12666-w.
Durozard, Pierre, Adil Maarouf, Wafaa Zaaraoui, Jan-Patrick Stellmann, Clémence Boutière, Audrey Rico, Sarah Demortière, et al. “Cortical Lesions as an Early Hallmark of Multiple Sclerosis: Visualization by 7 T MRI.” Investigative Radiology 59, no. 11 (November 2024): 747. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0000000000001082.
Hay, Marion, Fabien Rollot, Romain Casey, Anne Kerbrat, Gilles Edan, Guillaume Mathey, Pierre Labauge, et al. “Anti-CD20 Therapies in Drug-Naive Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: A Multicenter Real-Life Study.” Neurology 103, no. 8 (October 22, 2024): e209886. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000209886.
Chakraborty, Sudesna, Roy A. M. Haast, Kate M. Onuska, Prabesh Kanel, Marco A. M. Prado, Vania F. Prado, Ali R. Khan, and Taylor W. Schmitz. “Multimodal Gradients of Basal Forebrain Connectivity across the Neocortex.” Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (October 18, 2024): 8990. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53148-x.
Lebret, Anna, Sabina Frese, Simon Lévy, Armin Curt, Virginie Callot, Patrick Freund, and Maryam Seif. “Spinal Cord Blood Perfusion Deficit Is Associated with Clinical Impairment after Spinal Cord Injury.” Journal of Neurotrauma, September 26, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2024.0267.
Horowitz, Tatiana, Stephan Grimaldi, Henri Dufour, Thomas Graillon, Jean-Philippe Azulay, and Eric Guedj. “18F-FDG Brain PET: A Metabolic Predictive Factor for Gait Improvement after Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunting in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus?” The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging: Official Publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the Society Of... 68, no. 3 (September 18, 2024): 179–86. https://doi.org/10.23736/S1824-4785.24.03582-9.
Lévi-Strauss, Julie, Julia Makhalova, Samuel Medina Villalon, Romain Carron, Christian G. Bénar, and Fabrice Bartolomei. “Transient Alteration of Awareness Triggered by Direct Electrical Stimulation of the Brain.” Brain Stimulation, August 30, 2024, S1935-861X(24)00154-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2024.08.013.
Passoke, Sarah, Carlotta Stern, Vivien Häußler, Tania Kümpfel, Joachim Havla, Daniel Engels, Sven Jarius, et al. “Cognition in Patients with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease: A Prospective, Longitudinal, Multicentre Study of 113 Patients (CogniMOG-Study).” Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, July 30, 2024, jnnp-2024-333994. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2024-333994.
Soustelle, Lucas, Samira Mchinda, Andreea Hertanu, Soraya Gherib, Lauriane Pini, Maxime Guye, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, et al. “Inhomogeneous Magnetization Transfer (IhMT) Imaging Reveals Variable Recovery Profiles of Active MS Lesions According to Size and Localization.” Imaging Neuroscience 2 (July 24, 2024): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1162/imag_a_00235.
Köksal-Ersöz, Elif, Julia Makhalova, Maxime Yochum, Christian-G. Bénar, Maxime Guye, Fabrice Bartolomei, Fabrice Wendling, and Isabelle Merlet. “Whole-Brain Simulation of Interictal Epileptic Discharges for Patient-Specific Interpretation of Interictal SEEG Data.” Neurophysiologie Clinique = Clinical Neurophysiology 54, no. 5 (July 18, 2024): 103005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucli.2024.103005.
Jougleux, C., H. Joly, H. Brissard, B. Lenne, S. François, F. Hamelin, N. Derache, et al. “French Consensus Procedure for Neuropsychological Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis.” Revue Neurologique, July 12, 2024, S0035-3787(24)00558-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2024.06.005.
Pinto, Joana, Allison McGee, Hendrik Mattern, Karin Markenroth Bloch, Roy A. M. Haast, Thomas Küstner, and S. Johanna Vannesjo. “ESMRMB 2024 Focus Topic ‘MR Beyond Structures: The Dynamic Body at Different Scales.’” Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine 37, no. 3 (July 1, 2024): 319–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-024-01175-6.
Krämer, Julia, Carolin Balloff, Margit Weise, Valeria Koska, Yannik Uthmeier, Isabell Esderts, Mai Nguyen-Minh, et al. “Evolution of Retinal Degeneration and Prediction of Disease Activity in Relapsing and Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.” Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (June 19, 2024): 5243. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49309-7.
Kümpfel, Tania, Katrin Giglhuber, Orhan Aktas, Ilya Ayzenberg, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Vivien Häußler, Joachim Havla, et al. “Correction to: Update on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) – Revised Recommendations of the Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS). Part II: Attack Therapy and Long-Term Management.” Journal of Neurology 271, no. 6 (June 1, 2024): 3702–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-024-12288-2.
Grimaldi, Stephan, Arnaud Le Troter, Mohamed Mounir El Mendili, Hugo Dary, Jean-Philippe Azulay, Wafaa Zaaraoui, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Alexandre Eusebio, Ludovic de Rochefort, and Maxime Guye. “Energetic Dysfunction and Iron Overload in Early Parkinson’s Disease: Two Distinct Mechanisms?” Parkinsonism & Related Disorders 124 (May 6, 2024): 106996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106996.
Maarouf, Adil, Jan Patrick Stellmann, Audrey Rico, Clemence Boutiere, Sarah Demortiere, Pierre Durozard, Wafaa Zaaraoui, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Jean Pelletier, and Bertrand Audoin. “Active and Non-Active Progression Independent of Relapse Activity within the First 20 Years of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis.” Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, May 6, 2024, jnnp-2024-333597. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2024-333597.
Labounek, René, Monica T. Bondy, Amy L. Paulson, Sandrine Bédard, Mihael Abramovic, Eva Alonso-Ortiz, Nicole T. Atcheson, et al. “Body Size Interacts with the Structure of the Central Nervous System: A Multi-Center in Vivo Neuroimaging Study.” bioRxiv, May 1, 2024. Https://amu.hal.science/hal-04801060v1. pubmedcentral. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.04.29.591421.
Graille-Avy, Lisa, Clemence Boutiere, Camille Rigollet, Marine Perriguey, Audrey Rico, Sarah Demortiere, Pierre Durozard, et al. “Effect of Prior Treatment With Fingolimod on Early and Late Response to Rituximab/Ocrelizumab in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.” Neurology(R) Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation 11, no. 3 (May 2024): e200231. https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200231.
Demortiere, Sarah, Bastien Joubert, Marie Benaiteau, Frederic Hilezian, Clemence Boutiere, Audrey Rico, Natacha Stolowy, et al. “Anti-IgLON5 Disease With Inaugural Bilateral Neuropapillitis.” Neurology 102, no. 8 (April 23, 2024): e209284. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000209284.
Tilsley, Penelope, Antoine Moutiez, Alexandre Brodovitch, Mohamed Mounir El Mendili, Benoit Testud, Wafaa Zaaraoui, Annie Verschueren, et al. “Neurofilament Light Chain Levels Interact with Neurodegenerative Patterns and Motor Neuron Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.” American Journal of Neuroradiology 45, no. 4 (April 1, 2024): 494–503. https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A8154.
Cruz, Eva Sole, Etienne Fortanier, Frederic Hilezian, Adil Maarouf, Clémence Boutière, Sarah Demortière, Audrey Rico, et al. “Factors Affecting the Topography of Nitrous Oxide-Induced Neurological Complications.” European Journal of Neurology, March 26, 2024, e16291. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.16291.
Jouvenot, Guillaume, Guilhem Courbon, Mathilde Lefort, Fabien Rollot, Romain Casey, Emmanuelle Le Page, Laure Michel, et al. “High-Efficacy Therapy Discontinuation vs Continuation in Patients 50 Years and Older With Nonactive MS.” JAMA Neurology, March 25, 2024, e240395. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.0395.
Guérémy, Alexandre, José Boucraut, John Boudjarane, Aude-Marie Grapperon, Etienne Fortanier, Laure Farnault, Jean Gabert, et al. “Clinical, Biological, Electrophysiological and Therapeutic Profile of Patients with Anti-MAG Neuropathy According to MYD88L265P and CXCR4 Mutations and Underlying Haemopathy.” Journal of Neurology 271, no. 3 (March 1, 2024): 1320–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-023-12068-4.
Khamaysa, M., M. Lefort, M. Pélégrini-Issac, A. Lackmy-Vallée, M. M. El Mendili, A. Preuilh, D. Devos, et al. “Quantitative Brainstem and Spinal MRI in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Implications for Predicting Noninvasive Ventilation Needs.” Journal of Neurology 271, no. 3 (March 1, 2024): 1235–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-023-12045-x.
Benallegue, Nail, Fabien Rollot, Sandrine Wiertlewski, Romain Casey, Marc Debouverie, Anne Kerbrat, Jérôme De Seze, et al. “Highly Effective Therapies as First-Line Treatment for Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis.” JAMA Neurology 81, no. 3 (March 1, 2024): 273–82. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.5566.
Sole Cruz, E., N. Stolowy, R. Attia, B. Audoin, and S. Demortière. “Acute Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Associated with a Hypertensive Crisis.” Revue Neurologique 180, no. 3 (March 1, 2024): 218–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2023.12.002.
Testud, Benoit, Xavier Carle, Claire Costes, Jean-François Hak, and Maxime Guye. “Added Value of Ultrahigh-Resolution 7T MRI in Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas.” Stroke 55, no. 3 (March 2024): e46–47. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.123.045930.
Harlay, V., C. Campello, C. Bequet, G. Petrirena, M. Barrie, R. Appay, I. Arnoux, et al. “Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma with Initial Spinal Cord Involvement (PCNSL-SC) Is a Rare Entity: 4 Case Reports and Review of Literature.” Revue Neurologique 180, no. 3 (March 2024): 224–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2023.10.003.
Androdias, Géraldine, Louise Noroy, Dimitri Psimaras, Cristina Birzu, Jean Pelletier, Ysoline Beigneux, Pierre Branger, et al. “Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on the Course of Multiple Sclerosis.” Neurology(R) Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation 11, no. 2 (March 2024): e200202. https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200202.
Collongues, Nicolas, Françoise Durand-Dubief, Christine Lebrun-Frenay, Bertrand Audoin, Xavier Ayrignac, Caroline Bensa, Kévin Bigaut, et al. “Cancer and Multiple Sclerosis: 2023 Recommendations from the French Multiple Sclerosis Society.” Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), February 15, 2024, 13524585231223880. https://doi.org/10.1177/13524585231223880.
Braun, Bente, Felix Fischbach, Johanna Richter, Lena Kristina Pfeffer, Heike Fay, Stefanie Reinhardt, Manuel A. Friese, et al. “Benefits of AHSCT over Alemtuzumab in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis besides Disability and Relapses: Sustained Improvement in Cognition and Quality of Life.” Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 82 (February 1, 2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2023.105414.
Bolton, Thomas A. W., Dimitri Van De Ville, Jean Régis, Tatiana Witjas, Nadine Girard, Marc Levivier, and Constantin Tuleasca. “Dynamic Functional Changes upon Thalamotomy in Essential Tremor Depend on Baseline Brain Morphometry.” Scientific Reports 14, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 2605. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52410-y.
Jeantin, Lina, Edouard Januel, Pierre Labauge, Elisabeth Maillart, Jérôme de Seze, Hélène Zéphir, Jean Pelletier, et al. “COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Understanding Changes from 2020 to 2022.” Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), January 21, 2024, 13524585231218148. https://doi.org/10.1177/13524585231218149.
Venet, Melany, Anne Lepine, Adil Maarouf, Damien Biotti, Clémence Boutiere, Olivier Casez, Mikael Cohen, et al. “Control of Disease Activity with Large Extended-Interval Dosing of Rituximab/Ocrelizumab in Highly Active Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis.” Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), January 2, 2024, 13524585231223068. https://doi.org/10.1177/13524585231223069.
Kümpfel, Tania, Katrin Giglhuber, Orhan Aktas, Ilya Ayzenberg, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Vivien Häußler, Joachim Havla, et al. “Update on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) – Revised Recommendations of the Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS). Part II: Attack Therapy and Long-Term Management.” Journal of Neurology 271, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 141–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-023-11910-z.
Radunsky, Dvir, Chen Solomon, Neta Stern, Tamar Blumenfeld-Katzir, Shir Filo, Aviv Mezer, Anita Karsa, et al. “A Comprehensive Protocol for Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain at 3 Tesla.” PloS One 19, no. 5 (2024): e0297244. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297244.
Chakraborty, Sudesna, Sun Kyun Lee, Sarah M. Arnold, Roy A. M. Haast, Ali R. Khan, and Taylor W. Schmitz. “Focal Acetylcholinergic Modulation of the Human Midcingulo-Insular Network during Attention: Meta-Analytic Neuroimaging and Behavioral Evidence.” Journal of Neurochemistry 168, no. 4 (2024): 397–413. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.15990.